Youtube Exercise » English Grammar Homework

About Cancer | What Causes Cancer?

Princess Margaret Cancer Centre

7,509 views 2 years ago

Warm-up Questions

When you hear the question “What causes cancer?”, what kinds of causes do you think people usually mention?
Do you think cancer is always inherited (from parents), or can it develop during someone’s life? Why?
What “risk factors” for cancer have you heard about before?

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About Cancer | What Causes Cancer?

How cancer starts: genes, cells, and mutations (00:00 – 00:45)

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1. According to the video, what do all cancers start with?

Old age
Gene mutations
A virus infection
An unhealthy diet

2. What do genes tell cells to do (according to the speaker)?

How to repair bones
How to move around the body
How to fight infections
How to work, including how to grow

3. What can some gene mutations cause cells to do?

Grow out of control
Turn into nerve cells
Disappear from the body
Stop growing completely

About Cancer | What Causes Cancer?

Two types of mutations: hereditary and acquired (00:45 – 01:27)

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1. What are the two main types of gene mutations that cause cancer?

Early and late mutations
Infectious and non-infectious mutations
Hereditary and acquired mutations
Strong and weak mutations

2. How does the video describe hereditary cancer gene mutations?

They happen only in childhood
They are caused mainly by diet
They are passed down from parent to child
They happen only in hospitals

3. What does the speaker say about how common hereditary mutations are in diagnosed cancers?

They cause most diagnosed cancers
They never cause cancer
They only affect older people
They are rare and cause only a small amount

About Cancer | What Causes Cancer?

Risk factors and why causes aren’t always clear (01:27 – 02:22)

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1. What are things that damage genes and cause cancer called?

Cancer risk factors
Cancer cures
Gene copies
Cell signals

2. Which option is mentioned as a lifestyle risk factor example in the video?

Smoking
Getting enough sleep
Drinking more water
Exercising daily

3. What does the speaker say about knowing exactly what caused a person’s cancer?

The cause is always hereditary
The cause is never related to genes
The answer is not always clear
The cause is always clear

About Cancer | What Causes Cancer?

Transcript will load here…

1. What main idea does the video emphasize about cancer?

Cancer is caused only by lifestyle choices
Most cancers are inherited from parents
Cancer can be prevented completely by avoiding the sun
All cancers begin with gene mutations, even if many factors contribute

2. How does the video connect “risk factors” to cancer?

Risk factors are the same as hereditary mutations
Risk factors are treatments that remove cancer
Risk factors only affect children
Risk factors are things that damage genes and may lead to acquired mutations

3. Which statement best matches the video’s message about causes?

If cancer runs in a family, it is always 100% inherited
Cancer is never linked to age or environment
Cancer is always caused by one single factor
Cancer can be caused by one factor or many, and sometimes the cause is unclear

Discussion Questions

Discuss the ideas from this video

About Cancer | What Causes Cancer?

The video says cancer can be caused by one factor or many. Why do you think people strongly want a single clear cause?
Which risk factors mentioned in the video seem most controllable, and which seem least controllable? Explain.
How would you explain the difference between hereditary mutations and acquired mutations to a friend in simple words?
The speaker suggests asking a healthcare team questions. What questions would you want to ask about personal risk factors?